AUSTRIA BOOM : AUSTIA NEWS[page]

The Blue Marblephotograph of Earth, taken during the Apollo 17lunar mission in 1972
Orbital characteristics
Epoch J2000 [n 1]
Aphelion152100000km [n 2]
(94500000mi; 1.017 AU)
Perihelion147095000km [n 2]
(91401000mi;0.98327AU)
Semi-major axis149598023km [1]
(92955902mi;1.00000102AU)
Eccentricity0.0167086 [1]
Orbital period365.256363004d [2]
(1.00001742096 yr)
Average orbital speed29.78 km/s [3]
(107200km/h;66600mph)
Mean anomaly358.617°
Inclination
7.155°to the Sun's equator;
1.57869° [4]to invariable plane;
0.00005°to J2000 ecliptic
Longitude of ascending node−11.26064° [3]to J2000 ecliptic
Argument of perihelion114.20783° [3]
Satellites
1 natural satellite: the Moon
5 quasi-satellites
>1 400 operational artificial satellites [5]
>16 000 space debris [n 3]
Physical characteristics
Mean radius6371.0km(3958.8mi) [6]
Equatorialradius6378.1km(3963.2mi) [7] [8]
Polarradius6356.8km(3949.9mi) [9]
Flattening0.0033528 [10]
1/298.257222101( ETRS89)
Circumference
40075.017km equatorial(24901.461mi) [8]
40007.86km meridional(24859.73mi) [11] [12]
Surface area
510072000km2(196940000sq mi) [13] [14] [n 4]
148940000km2land(57510000sq mi; 29.2%)
361132000km2water(139434000sq mi; 70.8%)
Volume 1.083 21 × 10 12 km 3(2.59876×1011cu mi) [3]
Mass5.97237×1024kg(1.31668×1025lb) [15]
(3.0×10−6 M ☉)
Mean density5.514 g/cm3(0.1992 lb/cu in) [3]
Surface gravity9.807 m/s2( 1 g; 32.18 ft/s2) [16]
Moment of inertia factor0.3307 [17]
Escape velocity11.186 km/s [3]
(40270km/h;25020mph)
Sidereal rotation period
0.99726968d [18]
(23h 56m 4.100s)
Equatorial rotation velocity0.4651 km/s [19]
(1674.4km/h;1040.4mph)
Axial tilt23.4392811° [2]
Albedo
0.367 geometric [3]
0.306 Bond [3]
Surface temp.minmeanmax
Kelvin184 K [20]288 K [21]330 K [22]
Celsius−89.2 °C15 °C56.7 °C
Fahrenheit−128.5 °F59 °F134 °F
Atmosphere
Surface pressure101.325 kPa(at MSL)
Composition by volume
78.08% nitrogen(N2; dry air) [3]
20.95% oxygen(O2)
0.930% argon
0.0402% carbon dioxide [23]
~ 1% water vapor( climate-variable)
Earth(from Old English:Eorðe; Greek:ΓαῖαGaia; [n 5]Latin:Terra [25]), otherwise known as theWorld(especially in geopoliticsand geography), [n 6]or theGlobe, is the third planetfrom the Sunand the only object in the Universeknown to harbor life. It is the densest planet in the Solar Systemand the largest of the four terrestrial planets.
According to radiometric datingand other sources of evidence, Earth formedabout 4.54 billion years ago. [27] [28] [29] Earth's gravityinteracts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon, Earth's only natural satellite. During one orbit around the Sun, Earth rotates about its axisover 365 times; thus, an Earth yearis about 365.26 days long. [n 7]Earth's axis of rotationis tilted, producing seasonal variationson the planet's surface. [30]The gravitational interactionbetween the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides, stabilizes the Earth's orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation. [31